![]() Geology Structure ĭiagram of the common structural features of a shield volcano The term 'shield volcano' is taken from the German term Schildvulkan, coined by the Austrian geologist Eduard Suess in 1888 and which had been calqued into English by 1910. ![]() Giant shield volcanoes are found on other planets of the Solar System, including Olympus Mons on Mars and Sapas Mons on Venus. They include the largest volcanoes on earth, such as Tamu Massif and Mauna Loa. However, they are most characteristic of ocean island volcanism associated with hot spots or with continental rift volcanism. Shield volcanoes are found wherever fluid low- silica lava reaches the surface of a rocky planet. ![]() Repeated eruptions result in the steady accumulation of broad sheets of lava, building up the shield volcano's distinctive form. It is formed by the eruption of highly fluid (low viscosity) lava, which travels farther and forms thinner flows than the more viscous lava erupted from a stratovolcano. An Ancient Greek warrior's shield–its circular shape and gently sloping surface, with a central raised area, is a shape shared by many shield volcanoes.Ī shield volcano is a type of volcano named for its low profile, resembling a warrior's shield lying on the ground.
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